洪江古商城
Hongjiang
Ancient
Commercial
City
洪江古商城历史悠久，底蕴深厚，其起源于春秋，成形于盛唐，鼎盛于明清，以集散洪油、木材、鸦片、白腊闻名于世，素有
“
七省通衢
”
、
“
小重庆
”
、
“
小南京
”
、
“
湘西明珠
”
、
“
西南大都会
”
之美称，是湘西南经济、军事、宗教、文化中心。明清之际，
“
商贾云集，货财辐辏，万屋鳞次，帆樯云聚
”
、
“
烟火万家，称为巨镇
”
。全国
18
个省、
24
个州、府、
80
多个县的商贾、游客和流寓之人纷至踏来，行商流动，来往返复；坐商久居，子孙繁衔，各成帮派，商业经济繁盛之极。
Hongjiang
Ancient
Commercial
City
(HACC) boasts a long history and a profound embodiment. It originated from the Spring and Autumn Period in
China, took shape in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasty. It is famous for the assembling and distribution of Hongjiang Tung Oil, logs, opium, and white wax. It has been reputed as “thoroughfare of seven provinces”, “Small Chongqing”, “Small Nanjing”, “Pearl of West Hunan”, and “Metropolis of the Southwest”. It was the economic, military, religious, and cultural center of
Southwest Hunan. In the reign of Ming and Qing Dynasty, the city was rather prosperous and thriving just as the description says: “businessmen are flocking and clustering; cargo and wealth are concentrated; houses are arrayed in serrate formation; ships are clustered like clouds; lights and chimney smokes are released from thousands of houses; what a marvelous town it is!”. The businessmen, tourists, and migrant citizens from the 18 provinces, 24 prefectures, and over 80 counties in the country flooded here to conduct their businesses to and fro for many times. The businessmen stayed there for a long time and left a thriving group of descendents. Later business circles were formed to constitute an unprecedented prosperous commerce and economy.
历经千年风雨沧桑，洪江古商城依然完好地保存着明、清、民国时期的会馆、商行、客栈、青楼、镖局、作坊、报社、烟馆、寺院、民居等古建筑
380
余栋，总面积近
30
万平方米
,
其规模之大、气势之雄、建筑之奇、保存之好，国内罕见。冬暖夏凉的窨子屋，依山就势，或筑于高坡，或座于深巷，或立于江畔，通过曲折迥深的青石板或高低错落的石阶码头相连，一栋栋，一片片，以山为骨架，以水为血脉，按照阴阳八卦的布局，错落于
“
七冲八巷九条街
”
之中，宛如
“
一幅直观的明、清社会市井全貌的
‘
清明上河图
’
，一本了解资本主义萌芽历史的形象教科书，一座集政治、军事、经济、宗教、文化史料大全的活性博物馆
”
，被誉为
“
中国第一古商城
”
。
After one-thousand-year historical evolution, HACC still keeps intact over 380 ancient architectures of Ming, Qing, and Republic Period with a total area of nearly 300,000 square meters, such as guest house, firm, tavern, brothel, armed escort firm, workshop, newspaper office, opium house, temple, and residential houses. The architectures’ large scales, grandness, oddity, and intactness are rather rare in
China. The Yinziwu Houses (a type of local ancient house, featuring closure and good utilization of space and lighting), which boasts warmth in winter and coolness in summer, are built according to the mountainous physiognomy. They are either built at the high slope, or at the deep alley, or by the riverside, being connected through the winding bluestone slabs or seesawing stone step piers. One by one, patch by patch, with the mountain as the frame, the river as the blood vein, and according to the layout of Yin Yang Ba Gua ( a traditional Chinese diagram showing the harmony between human and nature), the houses lie in undulation within the “seven flatlands, eight alleys, and nine streets”.
It is just like “a vivid Qingming Festival by the Riverside ( a famous Chinese ancient painting) depicting the daily common life of the locals in Ming and Qing Dynasty”; and is a “ real-life textbook introducing the early history of capitalism and a living museum integrating the data of politics, military affairs, economy, religion and cultural history. It was reputed as “
Top
Ancient
Commercial
City in
China”.
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MSN:
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